saffron farming

🌸 1. Understanding Hydroponic Saffron Farming

  • Normal saffron farming → done in Kashmir, Iran, Spain on soil.
  • Hydroponic saffron farming → uses trays, racks, or vertical farming systems with no soil.
  • Crocus sativus (saffron plant) grows from corms (bulbs), not seeds.
  • Each corm produces 2–4 flowers per season. The red stigmas from these flowers are saffron threads.

🏠 2. Room Setup for Hydroponic Saffron

You can start in a room (minimum 300–500 sq. ft) with controlled environment:

  • Temperature:

    • Sprouting phase: 23–27°C
    • Flowering phase: 15–20°C
    • Dormancy phase: 4–10°C
  • Humidity: 70–80%

  • Light: 12–14 hours/day (LED grow lights)

  • Air circulation: Fans + exhaust system

  • Hydroponic medium: Cocopeat, perlite, or clay pellets (not water only).

  • Racks/Trays: Multi-tier racks maximize yield in small space.


🌱 3. Process of Growing Saffron Hydroponically

  1. Buy quality saffron corms (14–18g size each, bigger corms = more flowers).
  2. Pre-cooling stage: Keep bulbs at 4–10°C for 2–3 months before planting.
  3. Planting: Place in trays with cocopeat/perlite, no deep burial needed (half covered).
  4. Sprouting phase: Keep warm (23–27°C), corms sprout leaves in 3–4 weeks.
  5. Flowering phase: Reduce temp to 15–20°C → flowers bloom in 8–10 weeks.
  6. Harvesting: Pluck flowers early morning, separate red stigmas, dry them.
  7. Corm renewal: After harvest, corms produce baby corms for next season.

💰 4. Investment & Earnings

  • Cost of bulbs (corms): ₹20–₹30 per corm (bulk purchase).
  • Initial setup (AC, grow lights, racks, humidifier): ₹2–4 lakhs (small scale).
  • Per 1,000 corms:
    • 2,000–3,000 flowers
    • ~8–10g saffron threads
    • Market price: ₹1.5–2 lakhs/kg (retail ₹3–5 lakhs/kg)

👉 To earn ₹4–5 lakhs, you need ~3,000–4,000 corms in rotation and good-quality drying + branding for direct sales.


📦 5. Where to Buy Saffron Bulbs

In India, you can source Crocus sativus corms from:

  • Kashmir farmers / cooperatives
  • Indiamart suppliers (search for “saffron bulbs/corms”)
  • Agriculture universities in Kashmir & Himachal (SKUAST, CSKHPKV)
  • Trusted online sources (during June–August planting season):
    • Kashmir Saffron Company
    • Organic Saffron Growers, Pampore
    • Some Dutch bulb companies (Netherlands exports corms too).

⚠️ Important: Always buy certified corms, otherwise they may not flower.


📊 6. How to Scale to 4–5 Lakh Income

  1. Start with 1,000–2,000 corms in one room (~₹50,000 investment).
  2. Learn flowering cycle, harvesting, drying.
  3. Expand to 5,000–6,000 corms (₹2–3 lakh investment).
  4. Sell saffron directly to premium customers (online, Ayurveda shops, sweet shops).
  5. Offer value-added products: saffron milk powder, saffron-infused water, cosmetics.


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