saffron farming
🌸 1. Understanding Hydroponic Saffron Farming
- Normal saffron farming → done in Kashmir, Iran, Spain on soil.
- Hydroponic saffron farming → uses trays, racks, or vertical farming systems with no soil.
- Crocus sativus (saffron plant) grows from corms (bulbs), not seeds.
- Each corm produces 2–4 flowers per season. The red stigmas from these flowers are saffron threads.
🏠 2. Room Setup for Hydroponic Saffron
You can start in a room (minimum 300–500 sq. ft) with controlled environment:
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Temperature:
- Sprouting phase: 23–27°C
- Flowering phase: 15–20°C
- Dormancy phase: 4–10°C
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Humidity: 70–80%
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Light: 12–14 hours/day (LED grow lights)
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Air circulation: Fans + exhaust system
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Hydroponic medium: Cocopeat, perlite, or clay pellets (not water only).
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Racks/Trays: Multi-tier racks maximize yield in small space.
🌱 3. Process of Growing Saffron Hydroponically
- Buy quality saffron corms (14–18g size each, bigger corms = more flowers).
- Pre-cooling stage: Keep bulbs at 4–10°C for 2–3 months before planting.
- Planting: Place in trays with cocopeat/perlite, no deep burial needed (half covered).
- Sprouting phase: Keep warm (23–27°C), corms sprout leaves in 3–4 weeks.
- Flowering phase: Reduce temp to 15–20°C → flowers bloom in 8–10 weeks.
- Harvesting: Pluck flowers early morning, separate red stigmas, dry them.
- Corm renewal: After harvest, corms produce baby corms for next season.
💰 4. Investment & Earnings
- Cost of bulbs (corms): ₹20–₹30 per corm (bulk purchase).
- Initial setup (AC, grow lights, racks, humidifier): ₹2–4 lakhs (small scale).
- Per 1,000 corms:
- 2,000–3,000 flowers
- ~8–10g saffron threads
- Market price: ₹1.5–2 lakhs/kg (retail ₹3–5 lakhs/kg)
👉 To earn ₹4–5 lakhs, you need ~3,000–4,000 corms in rotation and good-quality drying + branding for direct sales.
📦 5. Where to Buy Saffron Bulbs
In India, you can source Crocus sativus corms from:
- Kashmir farmers / cooperatives
- Indiamart suppliers (search for “saffron bulbs/corms”)
- Agriculture universities in Kashmir & Himachal (SKUAST, CSKHPKV)
- Trusted online sources (during June–August planting season):
- Kashmir Saffron Company
- Organic Saffron Growers, Pampore
- Some Dutch bulb companies (Netherlands exports corms too).
⚠️ Important: Always buy certified corms, otherwise they may not flower.
📊 6. How to Scale to 4–5 Lakh Income
- Start with 1,000–2,000 corms in one room (~₹50,000 investment).
- Learn flowering cycle, harvesting, drying.
- Expand to 5,000–6,000 corms (₹2–3 lakh investment).
- Sell saffron directly to premium customers (online, Ayurveda shops, sweet shops).
- Offer value-added products: saffron milk powder, saffron-infused water, cosmetics.
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